Running a production Bitcoin node

Design for uptime, security, and maintainability: proven hardware, network layout, backups, monitoring, and disciplined upgrades.

Ops Security Monitoring

Hardware

  • Reliable x86/ARM SBC or server‑grade hardware with ECC (when possible).
  • SSD (NVMe) sized for multi‑year growth; avoid SD cards for full nodes.
  • UPS and surge protection; label power circuits and network ports.

Networking

  • Static DHCP reservations; dedicated VLAN for node services.
  • Hardened firewall with only required ports; restrict SSH via keys.
  • Optional Tor for privacy; dual‑homed for resilience.

System security

  • Minimal OS; auto‑updates for security patches; audit sudoers.
  • Separate user for services; secrets in a password manager or HSM.
  • Log integrity and remote syslog shipping.

Backups

  • Configuration and wallet (if any) backed up with versioned, encrypted storage.
  • Document restore steps; test on staging periodically.

Monitoring & alerts

  • Node sync, mempool health, peer count, disk/CPU/RAM, and service status.
  • Webhook delivery logs, retries, and latency via Bitcoin Flux.
  • Alerting to on‑call with escalation policy.

Upgrades & maintenance

  • Pin versions and read release notes; stage upgrades in non‑prod first.
  • Maintenance windows with back‑out plan; verify services after.
  • Track config drift in version control; standardize images.

Disaster recovery

  • Document RTO/RPO; keep a cold spare or VM image ready.
  • Regular restore tests; retain a “last known good” snapshot.